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Hardwood Plywood Overview
A standard beyond the standard
ANSI/HPVA defines hardwood plywood as “a panel composed of an assembly of layers or plies of veneer or veneers in combination with lumber core, particleboard core, MDF core, hardboard core, or of a special core material joined with an adhesive. Except for special constructions, the grain of alternate plies is at right angles and the face veneer is a hardwood species.”
| Specifications |
|---|
| Species : various Face grades : A,B,C,D,E Back grades : 1,2,3,4 Sizes : 4×6, 4×7, 4×8, 4×10, 5×8, 8×4 Thickness : 1/8″ to 1-1/4″ Core types : JayCore®, KayCore®, veneer core, particleboard core (PBC), medium density fibercore (MDF), combination core, Classic Core®, lumber core |
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Comparison of Face Grades
Birch, Ash, Maple and Poplar:
Rotary-Cut, Quarter-Cut, Plain-Sliced
| A Grade | B Grade | C Grade | D Grade | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pin Knots and Small Burls, Combined Avg. | Columbia | 6 to 3/32″ | 6 to 1/4″ | Scattered | 15 per 4×8 panel |
| ANSI | 10 – 4 to 1/4″ | 16 – 8 to 1/4″ | No limit | No limit | |
| Conspicuous Burls, Max. | Columbia | 3/8″ | 1/2″ | No limit | No limit |
| ANSI | 3/8″ | 1/2″ | No limit | No limit | |
| Sound and Repaired Knots in Combination | Columbia | No | 4 | 6 | 7 |
| ANSI | No | 4 | 8 | 10 | |
| Repaired Knots | Columbia | No | 4 to 1/8″ | 2 to 1/4″ | 3 to 3/4″ |
| ANSI | No | 4 to 1/8″ | 4 to 1/2″ | 5 to 3/4″ | |
| Mineral Streaks | Columbia | Slight | Slight | Yes | Yes |
| ANSI | Slight | Slight | Yes | Yes | |
| Vine | Columbia | Slight | Yes, with grain | Yes, with grain | Yes |
| ANSI | Slight | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
| Rough Cut | Columbia | No | Two 5″ areas | Two 8″ areas | 5% of panel |
| ANSI | No | Slight | Two 8″ areas | 5% of panel | |
| Blended Repaired Tapering Hairline Splits | Columbia | Two 1/16″x6″ | Two 1/8″x8″ PPE* | Two 3/16″x8″ PPE* | Two 3/16″x10″ PPE* |
| ANSI | Two 1/16″x6″ | Four 1/8″x8″ | Four 3/16″x8″ | Six 1/4″x10″ | |
Comparison of Face Grades
Red and White Oak: Rotary-Cut, Quarter Cut, Plain-Sliced
| A Grade | B Grade | C Grade | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pin Knots and Small Burls, Combined Avg. | Columbia | 6 to 3/32″ | 6 to 1/4″ | Scattered |
| ANSI | 12 – 4 to 1/4″ | 24 – 8 to 1/4″ | No limit | |
| Sound and Repaired Knots in Combination | Columbia | No | 4 | 6 |
| ANSI | No | 4 | 8 | |
| Repaired Knots | Columbia | No | 4 to 1/8″ | 2 to 1/4″ |
| ANSI | No | 4 to 1/8″ | 4 to 1/2″ | |
| Mineral Streaks | Columbia | Slight | Few to 8″ | Yes to 12″ |
| ANSI | Slight | Few to 8″ | Yes to 12″ | |
| Sap | Columbia | 5%[1] | Up to 20% [2] | Up to 25% |
| ANSI | 5% [1] | Up to 20% [2] | Yes | |
| Blended Repaired Tapering Hairline Splits | Columbia | Two 1/16″ x 6″ | Two 1/8″ x 8″ PPE* | Two 3/16″ x 8″ PPE* |
| ANSI | Two 1/16″ x 6″ | Four 1/8″ x 8″ | Four 3/16″ x 8″ | |
* PPE – Per Panel End
[1] No Sap Allowed in Rift, Comb. and P/S; Allowed in Rot. Wh. Oak
[2] Rot. Red Oak; 10% Sap Allowed in Rift, Comb, and P/S; Any Sap Allowed in Rot. Wh. Oak
Comparison of Back Grades
| 1 Back | 2 Back | 3 Back | 4 Back | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sound tight knots | Columbia | 8 to 3/8″ | 8 to 3/4″ | Max 15 1/2″ – 1-1/2″ | Yes |
| ANSI | 16 to 3/8″ | 16 to 3/4″ | Max 16 1/2″ – 1-1/2″ | Yes | |
| Knotholes | Columbia | No | All Repaired | All Repaired | Up to 4″ |
| ANSI | No | All Repaired | All 3/8″ 10 to 1″ | Up to 4″ | |
| Repaired Knots | Columbia | No | 3 to 1/2″ | 5 to 1″ | No |
| ANSI | No | 8 to 12″ | No [1] | No | |
| Sound tight burls | Columbia | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| ANSI | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
| Mineral/Sap | Columbia | Yes/Yes | Yes/Yes | Yes/Yes | Yes/Yes |
| ANSI | Yes/Yes | Yes/Yes | Yes/Yes | Yes/Yes | |
| Rough Cut | Columbia | Two 8″ Dia. areas | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| ANSI | Two 8″ Dia. areas | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
| Splits or Joints | Columbia | Two 1/8″ x 8″ PPE* | Three repaired Splits 3/16″ x 10″ PPE* |
Three repaired Splits 3/8″ x 12″ PPE* |
1″ to 1/4 LOP*, 1/2″ to 1/2 LOP*, 1/4″ to Full LOP* |
| ANSI | Six 1/8″ x 12″ repaired | Six 3/16″ x 12″ repaired | 3/8″ x 1/4 LOP* | 1″ to 1/4 LOP*, 1/2″ to 1/2 LOP*, 1/4″ to Full LOP* | |
* PPE – Per Panel End, LOP = Length of Panel
[1] May be obtained repaired, if specified